KEYSTONE PIPELINE -

          

   FACTS ON THE KEYSTONE PIPELINE

 

PEOPLE IN THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD KNOW FACTS FROM FICTION. FACT: BITUMEN (API 6%) IS NOT A REPLACEMENT FOR LIGHT CRUDE OIL FROM OPEC (API 31.1 - 45%). FACT: BITUMEN IS A GOOD BOILER FUEL BUT WE HAVE MORE THAN ENOUGH COAL AND BITUMEN (residue in refineries and on the surface in the Rocky Mountains) . FACT:  KEYSTONE XL PIPELINE PROJECT DOES NOT CONNECT SAID PIPELINE TO A REFINERY AND THE BITUMEN IT IS DESIGNED TO TRANSPORT IS NOT OWNED BY THE UNITED STATES. RECENT NEWS: IT WILL BE OWNED BY CHINA. FACT: IT IS NOT A "JOBS BILL". THERE ISN'T ANY BILL VOTED OUT OF CONGRESS THAT I COULD FIND. FACT; BETRAYAL OF A TRUST IS TREASON REGARDLESS ARTICLE III, SECTION 3 OF THE CONSTITUTION.

          By ARNOLD J. NASS

          August 5, 2012

          ADDENDUM

TO

DEMOCRACY – PART 6 - ENERGY

CRUDE OIL PRICING

WE HAVE TWO CLASSES OF CRUDE OIL THAT EFFECT PRICE

SWEET CRUDE –HAS NO SULPHUR IN IT

SOUR CRUDE – HAS SULPHUR IN IT

SOUR CRUDE OIL IS WORTH LESS THAN SWEET CRUDE OIL TO ACCOMMODATE THE EXPENSE OF REMOVING THE SULPHUR AND ONLY A FEW REFINERIES HAVE DESULFURIZATION UNITS

NOT ALL HYDROCARBONS ARE CRUDE OIL

ANTHRACITE IS A SOLID CALLED HARD COAL

BITUMINOUS IS A SOLID CALLED SOFT COAL

LIGNITE IS A SOLID CALLED SUB-COAL

BITUMEN IS A SOLID CALLED OIL OR TAR SANDS

IT IS NEITHER.  IT IS PLASTIC.  ITS BASE IS EITHER

ASPHALT OR PARAFFIN

IT IS NOT LIQUID AND WILL NOT FLOW

LUBRICATING OIL IS A LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOUND

HEATING OIL IS A LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOUND

DIESEL FUEL IS A LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOUND

JET FUEL IS A LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOUND

KEROSENE IS A LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOUND

GASOLINE IS A LIQUID CHEMICAL COMPOUND

CRUDE OIL IS A MIXTURE OF THESE AND OTHER LIQUID COMPOUNDS

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NOT ALL CRUDE OIL SELLS FOR $140+ PER BARREL

IT IS PRICED ACCORDING TO ITS DENSITY AND/OR WEIGHT RELATIVE

 TO A U.S. GALLON OF WATER AT 60 DEGREES TEMPERATURE

HOWEVER, TO ACCOMMODATE IN FIELD TESTING THE HYDROMETER USED BY THE AMERICAN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY IS GRADUATED IN

 API GRAVITY DEGREES

AS DENSITY AND/OR WEIGHT INCREASES, THE API GRAVITY DECREASES

A U.S. GALLON OF WATER AT 60oF WEIGHS 8.328 POUNDS

ITS SPECIFIC GRAVITY IS 1.000

ITS API GRAVITY IS 10 DEGREES

CRUDE OIL IS CLASSIFIED AS LIGHT, MEDIUM AND HEAVY ACCORDING TO ITS API GRAVITY MEASURED IN DEGREES

EXTRA HEAVY CRUDE IS LESS THAN 10 DEGREES API

 THE SO CALLED (OIL OR TAR SANDS) BITUMEN IN ALBERTA IS 6- 8 DEGREES API

WHEN THAT SAND & BITUMEN IS MINED AND UPGRADED WITH OUR CONDENSATE OR WHEY FOR TRANSPORT BY PIPELINE IT IS CALLED

DILBIT.

(Condensate is a by-product of Natural Gas Production. Whey is a by-product of the production of cheese)

WHEN DILBIT IS UPGRADED WITH HYDROGEN, METHANE AND/OR NATURAL GAS IT IS CALLED SYNTHETIC CRUDE OIL.

3

HEAVY CRUDE OIL IS 10 DEGREES TO 22.3 DEGREES API

MEDIUM CRUDE OIL IS 22.3 DEGREES TO 31.1 DEGREES API

LIGHT CRUDE OIL IS 31.1 DEGREES TO 45 DEGREES API

CONDENSATE, A WHITE LIQUID PRODUCED WITH NATURAL GAS,

 IS ABOVE 45 DEGREES API

F.O.B. COSTS OF IMPORTED CRUDE OIL BY API GRAVITY

AS OF MARCH 2008

20.0 OR LESS…………84.63

20.1 T0 25.0……………87.81

25.1 TO 30.0……….. …94.69

30.1 TO 35.0……………98.03

35/1 TO 40.0………….102.88

40.1 TO 45.0………….105.91

41.1 OR GREATER......94.55

OUT OF THE 10 MM BARRELS IMPORTED DAYLY, WE WERE BUYING ABOUT 4 MM BARRELS PER DAY (40%) OF HEAVY AND/OR EXTRA HEAVY CRUDE FROM CANADA AND HEAVY SOUR CRUDE OIL FROM MEXICO AND VENEZUELA UNTIL VENEZUELA CUT ITS PRODUCTION BY ABOUT 60% IN JANUARY, 2003

THAT HAD THE EFFECT OF INCREASING OUR COMBINDED PRICE PER BARREL OF CRUDE OIL; BECAUSE WE HAD TO ADD NATURAL GAS TO THE CANADIAN MIXTURE AND BUY MORE LIGHT PRICED CRUDE OIL FROM THE MIDDLE EAST

4

THE REFINERIES PROCESSING THE HEAVY CRUDE OIL AND THE ONE REFINERY PROCESSING  HEAVY SOUR CRUDE OIL WERE SHORT OF FEED STOCK AND COULD NO LONGER OPERATE AT CAPACITY. THEREBY CAUSING A SHORTAGE OF MANY REFINED PRODUCTS INCLUDING GASOLINE 

DO YOU REALLY THINK THE POLITICIANS, WITH THE AID OF THE NEWS MEDIA, ARE UNINFORMED, DYSFUNCTIONAL OR KNOWINGLY LYING WHEN THEY BLAME ‘BIG OIL’ INSTEAD OF ‘CONGRESS’ AND THE’ PRESIDENT’  FOR THE HIGH PRICES OF GASOLINE AND ALL OTHER REFINED PRODUCTS?

I TRUST YOU WILL ASK YOUR SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES IN THE UNITED STATES SENATE

WHY WE HAVE NOT HAD, AND DO NOT NOW HAVE, A “NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY” THAT WILL FOSTER THE TECHNOLOGY REQUIRED FOR THE NATIONAL INTEREST AND PROVIDE THE INCENTIVE FOR PRUDENT DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF THE NATION’S ABUNDANT HYDROCARBON RESOURCES.

FROM

METHANE (SHALE GAS) TO ANTHRACITE (HARD COAL)

CONDENSATE TO HEAVY CRUDE OIL

45 DEGREES API TO 16 DEGREES API

AND

HYDROGEN

(RENEWABLE OCEANS OF H20)

5

WITH SUCH A POLICY, WE WOULD NOT NEED

WIND, SOLAR, BITUMEN OR NUCLEAR ENERGY

IN

THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE